Chamber Filter Press

The filter press is a mechanical device that uses a special filtration medium to apply pressure to a mixture, forcing the liquid to separate from the solids. It is a commonly used solid-liquid separation equipment, first applied in chemical production in the early 18th century and still widely used in industries such as chemical, pharmaceutical, metallurgy, dye, food, brewing, ceramics, and environmental protection.

The filter plates are stable in performance, easy to operate, safe, and labor-saving. The metal pressing cylinder is made from seamless steel tubes, while the plastic-steel filter plates are precision-cast, ensuring high temperature and pressure resistance for long-lasting durability.

• Chinese Name: 压滤机 (Yālǜjī)

• English Name: Filter Press

• Category: Solid-liquid separation equipment

• Applications: Chemical, pharmaceutical, metallurgy

• Origin: Early 18th century

Product Introduction

Function: Extracts solids from mixed liquids, achieving solid-liquid separation.
Field: Coal technology (primary discipline); Mining machinery engineering (secondary discipline); Coal preparation machinery (tertiary discipline).
History: The first filter press appeared in the early 18th century for industrial chemical production.

Applications:
Pharmaceuticals, chemicals, standard parts, metallurgy, dyes, food, brewing, ceramics, oil refining, wastewater treatment, and other environmental industries.

Technical Parameters

Filter Plate Specifications:

• Structure: Plate-and-frame, chamber type

• Materials: Stainless steel, cast iron, rubber, reinforced polypropylene (plastic), polyethylene (PE), etc.

• Other properties: Acid/alkali resistance, filtration temperature (°C), filtration pressure (MPa).

Functional Configurations:
Manual pressing, motorized pressing, automatic hydraulic pressing, pressure retention, electrical/PLC control, automatic plate shifting, automatic discharge.

Feed Methods:
Center feed, corner feed, top-center feed.

Discharge Methods:
Open (visible) discharge, closed (hidden) discharge.

Structural Components

1. Frame

• The foundation of the filter press, consisting of thrust plates, pressing heads, and beams.

• Thrust plate: Connects to the base, with feed and discharge ports.

• Pressing plate: Compresses filter plates, supported by rollers on beams.

• Beams: Load-bearing components, available in PVC, PP, stainless steel, or anti-corrosion coatings.

2. Pressing Mechanism

• Manual: Screw-driven mechanical jack.

• Mechanical: Motor-driven gear system with overload protection.

• Hydraulic: Hydraulic station with oil cylinders, pistons, and pressure control valves.

3. Filtration Mechanism

• Composed of filter plates, filter cloth, and diaphragm (if equipped).

• Filtration modes: Open (visible) or closed (hidden) discharge.

• Washing modes: One-way or two-way washing (open or closed).

Classification

1. Plate-and-Frame Filter Press

• Alternating plates and frames form chambers.

• Suitable for compressible/non-compressible slurries (solid content <10%).

• Operating pressure: 0.3–0.6 MPa (up to 3 MPa for high-pressure models).

2. Chamber Filter Press

• Similar to plate-and-frame but with recessed plates (no separate frames).

• Ideal for high-pressure filtration without cake washing.

3. Vertical Filter Press

• Horizontally stacked plates save space.

• Automated operation with continuous filter belt.

4. Diaphragm Filter Press

• Uses rubber diaphragms for secondary squeezing (cake moisture ≤50%).

5. Belt Filter Press

• Continuous operation for sludge dewatering.

• Three zones: Gravity, wedge, and shear pressing.

Working Principle

• Hydraulic system drives pressing mechanism.

• Slurry enters chambers; solids are trapped by filter cloth while liquid discharges.

• Optional diaphragm squeezing or air/steam drying reduces cake moisture.

Dehydration Applications

• Widely used in sludge treatment (65–80% moisture after mechanical dewatering).

• Common types: Chamber, diaphragm, and high-pressure vertical filter presses.

• Belt presses are cost-effective but require chemical conditioning.

Installation & Maintenance

1. Installation:

• Mount on a flat concrete base.

• Align beams and ensure hydraulic system is properly filled.

2. Maintenance:

• Lubricate mechanical parts regularly.

• Check filter cloth for damage and clean sealing surfaces.

• Avoid overpressure or high temperatures to prevent plate deformation.

Solutions to Common Issues

1. Misalignment during operation: Adjust feed pipe orientation to counterbalance pressure.

2. Derailed filter plates: Shorten chain links to prevent twisting and detachment.